Archeologists typically:

• Plan research projects to answer questions and test hypotheses about human activity through environmental data left behind
• Develop data collection methods tailored to a particular specialty, project, or culture
• Collect information from observations, interviews, and documents
• Record and manage records of observations taken in the field
• Analyze data, laboratory samples, and other sources to uncover patterns about human life, culture, and origins
• Write reports and give presentations on research findings
• Advise organizations on the cultural impact of proposed plans, policies, and programs.

Drawing and building on knowledge from the humanities and social, physical, and biological sciences, archeologists examine the ways of prehistoric societies in various parts of the world. They also examine the customs, values, and social patterns of different cultures.

Many archeologists use sophisticated tools and technologies in their work. Although tasks vary by specialty, materials often include excavating tools, laboratory equipment, statistical and database software, and geographic information systems (GIS).