Although some archeologists work in a typical office setting, many work in laboratories or in the field. Fieldwork sometimes requires workers to travel. Most work full time during regular business hours.

Archeologists work for research organizations, colleges and universities, museums, consulting firms, private corporations, and in all levels of government. They also can work for cultural resource management (CRM) firms. CRM firms identify, assess, and preserve archeological sites and ensure that organizations, such as developers and builders, comply with regulations regarding archeological sites.

Archeologists often do fieldwork, either in their own country or in foreign countries. This may involve learning foreign languages, living in remote villages, or examining and excavating archeological sites. It also often requires travel for extended periods of time and may involve work in remote areas, They may work under rugged conditions, and their work may involve strenuous physical exertion.